What in the time is an eponymy? It is a despatch which is derived from its link with someone's name. The best-known case is "sandwich", a inception of the Earl of Sandwich. In an uncharacteristic departure from disputatious issues, I have chosen eponymies as the voter for today's column.
Excluded from the tabulate are plants named after horticulturists (dahlia, magnolia, zinnia, etc.), methodical units of measurement, peculiarly in the electrical field, (ampere, hertz, volt, watt, etc.), and structures or devices using the names of their designers as adjectives, such as Eiffel tower, Ferris wheel, and Gatling gun. Following are 23 eponymies which I have come across. Boycott: from Capt. Charles C. Boycott (1832-1897), an English come foreman in County Mayo, Ireland, from whom his neighbors refused to achieve any of his forth in retaliation for his unbearable practices over his tenants.
Chauvinism: from Nicolas Chauvin ( ? ), a multiply-wounded foot-soldier in Napoleon's army, known for his zealous patriotism and blinker militarism. Caesarian: after Julius Caesar (102-44 BC), who was born in accordance with the Roman practice of surgically removing the fetus from a mammy who had died in labor. Cardigan: after James Thomas Brudnell, the 7th Earl of Cardigan (1797-1868), commander of the conspicuous Charge of the Light Brigade in the Crimean War in 1854, who replaced the pullover splendour sweaters for his troops with an liberal buttoned design. Draconian: from a at an advanced hour 7th Century BC Athenian lawmaker known for the despotism of his code, which prescribed liquidation for nearly all offenses. Frisbee: from Mrs. Frisbie's Bakery in New Haven Connecticut, whose metal pie plates Yale University students started hurling in the 1930s.
The spelling was changed by Wham-o, when it started marketing their malleable version. Hobson's Choice: after Thomas Hobson (1544-1631) of Cambridge, England, a renter of horses, who's patron's cream of a horse was the one nearest to the secure door. Hooker: the repute given to the denizens of the brothels that "Fighting Joe" Hooker (1814-1879), one of Lincoln's many ineffectual Civil War generals, set up out of doors Washington, D.C. for his troops.
Levi: after Levi Strauss (1829-1902) from Bavaria, who made a property in the California Gold Rush, selling his sturdy jeans to the miners. Lynch: after Charles Lynch (1736-1796), a Virginia planter, who's wild extralegal wont of slang pain in the arse and pursuance of Tories was terminated by elapse of what was called the "anti-Lynch" law. Mackintosh: after Charles Macintosh (1766-1843), inventor of a function of applying India rubber to textile raincoats to calculate them waterproof.
Macadam: after John Loudon Macadam (1756-1836), Scottish inventor of shivered stone passage surfacing. Martinet: after Jean Martinet (?-1672), a unsympathetic French drillmaster for Louis XIV. Maverick: after Samuel Maverick (1803-1870), a Texas inaugurate who went against authoritative discipline by refusing to characterize his cattle. Ponzi scheme: after Carlo (Charles) Ponzi, a 1903 Italian newcomer who swindled c swain immigrants.
Quisling: after Vidkun Quisling (1887-1945), a pro-Nazi Norwegian quisling who collaborated with the Germans and became their finger-puppet conduct of state. Sadism: after the Marquis de Sade (1740-1814), a French paragraphist famous for his unnatural animal activities. Sandwich: after John Montague, 4th Earl of Sandwich (1718-1792), who old two slices of bread to hold his sliced meat, so he wouldn't have to cease his addiction to gambling while eating.
Sideburns: from Ambrose Burnside (1824-81), another of Lincoln's failed Civil War generals, for the raised hair's breadth elegance extending down his cheeks. Shrapnel: after Harry Shrapnel (1761-1842), a British army police officer who invented fragmenting artillery shells. Silhouette: after Etienne de Silhouette (1700-1767), a penny-pinching French subsidize minister, because the modify of making that classification of likeness was also "on the cheap" compared to painted portraits. Spoonerism: after Rev. William Archibald Spooner (1844-1930), an English man of the cloth at Oxford, who had an ruinous proclivity for interchanging the beginnings of words.
Van Dyke: from Sir Anthony Van Dyke (1599-1641), a Flemish painter who many times employed in his representation paintings a luxury of beard that was sought-after at the time. There must be many more eponymies in combining to those above that are not excluded by the restrictions listed in the anything else paragraph. Perhaps you can regard of some. If so, I would understand hearing from you at 945-0966.
My next column will be back to controversy.
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